IIRA’s sovereign rating methodology has been outlined to provide clarity on the economic and social dimensions typically involved....

Over the years, insurance had evolved on the “risk-sharing” concept (based on mutuality) and later transformed into a “risk-transferring” mechanism (particularly after introduction of stock companies...

Social enterprises and third sector1 organizations are growing in significance, globally, amidst frustrations with mounting violations of socio‐economic justic...

The evolution of Islamic Finance as a parallel to conventional finance has gained significant global recognition in the past few decades. Islamic Finance is recognized as fundamentally different from conventional finance...

The Shari’ah Compliance and Fiduciary Rating aims to provide information and independent assessment regarding the Shari’ah governance framework of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs),